NOTES+Osteoporosis+by+Amy

=QUESTION: = || = =
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 * =RESEARCH =

What are the causes of Osteoporosis?
||  || == == || = = = = || == == || || AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION Complete Guide to Women's Health http://www.nof.org/prevention/risk.htm || (include the words or phrases from keyword searches) ||  CAUSES OF OSTEOPOROSIS || * Record only important info  - Osteoporosis happens far more common in older people than younger people. -- Osteoporosis is more common in women than men -- Research suggests that heredity and genetics play a major role in osteoporosis. If either of your parents had osteoporosis or a history of broken bones, you are more likely to get it too -- **Low Body Weight/Being Small and Thin.** Women and men with small bones are more likely than larger people to have osteoporosis. -- While osteoporosis affects all races and ethnicities, people in the U.S. who are Caucasian or of Asian or Latino descent are more likely to develop osteoporosis than those of African heritage. -- People who have broken one or more bones during their adult years are at greater risk for osteoporosis. -- People who are bedridden, are inactive or do not exercise are at high risk of osteoporosis. --Smoking is bad for your bones in many ways. The chemicals in cigarettes are bad for your bone cells. -- Drinking heavily can reduce bone formation. In many cases, people who drink too much do not get enough calcium. -- Anorexia nervosa is a major risk factor for osteoporosis for many reasons. In women with anorexia nervosa, estrogen levels decrease to such an extent that menstrual periods either become irregular or stop. This drop in estrogen causes bone loss. -- Research suggests a link between depression and low bone density or osteoporosis. -- || * Ideas, reactions to information
 * **Citation** (title, author, publication, date, URL, etc.)
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Subject of notes**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Notes**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**PARAPHRASE**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Try to find a short effective quote || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Osteoporosis is more likely to happen if you:
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> have a family history of osteoporosis
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">are white or Asian
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">have a samll body frame
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">are underweight ot have have thin or lean body
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">lead a sedentery lifestyle
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">have an insufficient amount of calcium in your diet.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">haeva history of smoking
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">have a gastrointestinal disorder such as peptic ulcers or lactose intolerance, that interferes with the body's ability to absorb calcium.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">consume an excessive amount of alcohol or caffeine.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Ideas**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Your opinions
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=<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">QUESTION: = || ==<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">What are the symptoms Osteoporosis? == || =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> = || ==<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> == || || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> http://www.hormone.org/Osteoporosis/symptoms.cfm http://www.bidmc.org/YourHealth/TherapeuticCenters/Osteoporosis.aspx?ChunkID=19937 || (include the words or phrases from keyword searches) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> SYMPTOMS OF OSTEOPOROSIS || * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Record only important info -Causes bones to become thin, porous and weak and lead to fracture or a break in the bone -these fractures include: the break in the hip, spine, or wrist. -More serious problems may occur after a hip fracture, because some people lose the ability to walk normally - people with hip fractures might face a higher risk of serious disability or death. - the fractures can cause: - osteoporosis can severely limit's the patient's activities. - other symptoms include: * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Ideas, reactions to information 2/3 pictures ||  ||
 * || [[image:http://c2.wikicdn.com/_/2009030201/i/bTR.gif width="8" height="8"]] ||
 * =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">RESEARCH =
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Citation** (title, author, publication, date, URL, etc.)
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Subject of notes**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Notes**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**PARAPHRASE**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Try to find a short effective quote || - Osteoporosis is often referred to as a "silent disease" because the associated bone loss usually occurs without symptoms. Since many people mistakenly believe that all medical conditions cause symptoms, they do not see a healthcare provider until the condition is far advanced.
 * 50 percent will never regain the function they had before their fracture. Even six months after a hip fracture, only 15 percent of patients can walk across a room unaided.
 * 25 percent will die within the first year.
 * 20 percent more deaths occur among people with hip fractures compared with those of the same age without fractures.
 * Collapsed vertebra
 * A severe lost of weight overtime
 * the bones become over-brittle thus causing fractures
 * Severe backpain ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Ideas**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Your opinions
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=<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">QUESTION: = || ==<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">What are the preventions of Osteoporosis? == || =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> = || ==<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> == || || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> http://www.iofbonehealth.org/patients-public/about-osteoporosis/prevention.html http://www.aafp.org/afp/990700ap/194.html || (include the words or phrases from keyword searches) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> PREVENTING OSTEOPOROSIS || * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Record only important info -prevention should start from the growing of your bones. Thus, children should: - as adults, preventing osteoporosis is also important, we should: - The use of caffeine, tobacco and steroids should be avoided. -These lifestyle modifications can reduce the risk of fractures: Weight-bearing exercise, Alcohol and tobacco use can be eliminated, physical activity can be increased in most elderly patients. - Reduction of Medication Effects is also important. Prospective studies have found that some medications affect perception and balance, thereby making falls and subsequent fractures more likely. -In general, preventing osteoporisis || * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Ideas, reactions to information
 * || [[image:http://c2.wikicdn.com/_/2009030201/i/bTR.gif width="8" height="8"]] ||
 * =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">RESEARCH =
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Citation** (title, author, publication, date, URL, etc.)
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Subject of notes**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Notes**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**PARAPHRASE**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Try to find a short effective quote || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">- lifestyle factors can influence bone development in youth and also the rate of bone loss later in life. Nutrition, exercise and other lifestyle factors have a key role in determining bone health and how well our bodies are able to replace old bone.
 * have a sufficient amount of calcium in diet.
 * avoid under nutrition or underweight.
 * maintain sufficient amount of vitamin D through diet and exposure to the sun.
 * exercise regularly.
 * avoid smoking
 * know about the danger of alcohol.
 * be educated about osteoporosis.
 * sufficient amount of calcium and vitamin D
 * weight-bearing exercise.
 * little or no smoking.
 * avoid heavy drinking.
 * people of middle age should check their risk of getting fractures in bones and consider medications to reduce the risks.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Ideas**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Your opinions
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=<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">QUESTION: = || ==<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">What are the treatments of Osteoporosis? == || =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> = || ==<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> == || || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> HUMAN DISEASES AND CONDITIONS Volume 2 P. 637 http://www.aafp.org/afp/20010315/1121.html || (include the words or phrases from keyword searches) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Treatment Options || * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Record only important info - Treatment for osteoporosis include: - Pharmacologic Therapy
 * || [[image:http://c2.wikicdn.com/_/2009030201/i/bTR.gif width="8" height="8"]] ||
 * =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">RESEARCH =
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Citation** (title, author, publication, date, URL, etc.)
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Subject of notes**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Notes**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**PARAPHRASE**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Try to find a short effective quote || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">-medications
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Calcium supplements in tablet form are safe and effective in helping to improve the bones state.
 * More effective treatment is still needed. For example, hormone estrogen.
 * Life style is also important in treating osteoporosis.
 * prevention of further bone loss through weight-bearing exercise, tobacco and alcohol avoidance, hormone replacement therapy in women, and raloxifene and calcium supplementation
 * treatment of fracture-related pain with analgesics and calcitonin;
 * building bone mass when feasible with alendronate
 * modifying behaviors that increase the risk of falls
 * **Estrogen**- Maintaining adequate estrogen levels remains the most important way of maintaining adequate bone density in women. All women with decreased bone density should be offered estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) unless contraindications exist.
 * Current users who started ERT within five years of menopause had a decreased risk of hip, wrist and all nonspinal fractures compared with those who never used estrogen. Long-term users who initiated therapy five years after menopause had no significant reduction in risk for all nonspinal fractures, despite an average duration of use of 16 years.
 * As more and more women use ERT, concern has grown regarding its impact on breast cancer risk.
 * **Calcium and Vitamin D**- Calcium supplementation results in small beneficial effects on bone mass throughout postmenopausal life and may reduce fracture rates by more than the change in BMD would predict--possibly as much as 50 percent.
 * Postmenopausal women receiving supplemental calcium over a three-year period in a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial had stable total body calcium levels\
 * Evidence shows there are significant reductions in nonvertebral fracture rates as a result of physiologic replacement of vitamin D in the elderly.
 * Vitamin D supplementation is important in women of all ages who have limited exposure to sunlight.
 * **Calcitonin-** a hormone directly inhibiting osteoclastic bone resorption, is an alternative for use in patients with established osteoporosis who cannot, will not or should not proceed with ERT.
 * **Bisphosphonates**- Bisphosphonates are effective for preventing bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency, glucocorticoid treatment and immobilization

|| * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Ideas, reactions to information 2-3 pictures/ diagrams ||  ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Ideas**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Your opinions
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Ways to present this info on your wiki
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Images/video to support this || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> 1 video

=<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">QUESTION: = || ==<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Interesting facts about Osteoporosis == || =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> = || ==<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> == || || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> http://www.health24.com/medical/Condition_centres/777-792-2207-2320,31105.asp || (include the words or phrases from keyword searches) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Interesting facts about Osteoporosis || * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Record only important info - || * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Ideas, reactions to information
 * || [[image:http://c2.wikicdn.com/_/2009030201/i/bTR.gif width="8" height="8"]] ||
 * =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">RESEARCH =
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Citation** (title, author, publication, date, URL, etc.)
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Subject of notes**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Notes**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**PARAPHRASE**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Try to find a short effective quote || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> But here are some interesting facts about the condition that you might not have known:
 * The word "osteoporosis" comes from the Greek words "osteon" meaning bone, and "poros", meaning a pore or a passage.
 * Osteoporosis is not a condition exclusive to the elderly – it can strike at any age.
 * Caucasians and Asians have a higher risk of developing osteoporosis than other people do.
 * People who drink a lot of coffee and alcohol and who smoke cigarettes, are at higher risk of developing osteoporosis than others are.
 * In western populations, the statistics are that one in two women and one in four men could suffer an osteoporosis-related fracture in their lifetime.
 * The rate of hip fractures is two to three times higher in women than in men.
 * People who are thin or who have a small frame, are at greater risk for osteoporosis.
 * Women can lose up to 20% of their bone mass in the 5 – 7 years following menopause.
 * Hormone replacement therapy used to be prescribed on the long-term for postmenopausal women, but it is now thought to carry risks for heart health if taken in the long-term.
 * Men tend to develop osteoporosis 10 – 15 years later than women do, because they are generally bulkier and have more bone mass to lose.
 * Exercise will help to maintain your bone mass. Being inactive increases the rate of bone mass in both men and women.
 * Osteoporosis can be prevented by, among others, eating a diet rich in calcium (1000 – 1500mg/day) when you are young. This will make sure you reach peak bone mineral density.
 * Among those who fracture their hip, 12 to 20% die within one year after the fracture and more than 50% of the survivors are unable to return to independent living.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Ideas**
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Your opinions
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Ways to present this info on your wiki
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Images/video to support this || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> 3-4 pictures ||  ||   ||


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